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There is a plethora of meanings . The word is so versatile that a Polish equivalent of Stephen Fry or John McWhorter, professor Jan Miodek, once gave a whole famous lecture about this wonderful pearl of Polish verbiage.

*Alert*: The text below includes a lot of curse words.

While writing the answer has grown very long, and has evolved into…

A Guide on Handling Kurwas.

1. Kurwa as a noun.

As previous experts have pointed out kurwa means as we euphemistically say ‘a woman of unbounded customs’. And, perhaps just as the said woman, the noun kurwa is very versatile as a person descriptor used for people (of any gender).

Disclaimer

Please note kurwa is a rather strong curse word. In English it can be variously translated as a moron, idiot, , , , face… or any of your favourite expletives.

Therefore remember, young padawan, you would only call a person a kurwa in their face if you:

Feel like starting a fight (verbal or physical).Are very close friends, as a way of countersignalling.

Bear in mind, as an inexperienced kurwa-sseur* it is advisable to use kurwas under supervision. Otherwise you’re using them at your own risk.

2. Who is a kurwa?

a) A specific person, such as:

A flatmate who stole the beer you were saving for Friday evening after work.A bus driver who didn’t wait when you were running to the bus stop.A colleague who went on holiday leaving you with finishing “a few simple work items.”

b) A kurwa can also be an unidentified person who has done something annoying, “jakaś kurwa”, Eng. “some .”

E.g. Pl. Jakaś kurwa napluła mi na buta. Eng. Some  spat on my shoe.

c) Occasionally a kurwa can also be a non-person entity, for e.g. an animal or an item. Typically on such occasion it will be anthropomorphised. In the example below, we speak about a table.

E.g. Pl. Ta kurwa nie pasuje do tapety. This  (=the table) doesn’t match the wallpaper. (I’ll leave it to the reader to come up with a scenario when this could be said).

d) In plural, kurwa, (Pl. kurwy) can be used as an abstract or a collective noun, usually representing bigger entities like the government, the bank, or whoever else typically brings a lot of annoyance into your daily existence.

E.g. Pl. Te kurwy obniżyły oprocentowanie., Eng. These s lowered the interest rates.

3. How to react?

There is a variety of ways to react when a kurwa befalls you, like in the situations above. Below are two examples.

Direct reply to the offender. (Please reread the disclaimer.) Pl. Ale z ciebie kurwa. Eng. What an you are., or Pl. Ty kurwo. Eng. You .A plea to the heavens. Pl. Co za kurwa! Eng. What a moron!

Kurwa prevention.

However hard we try, there aren’t many foolproof ways of preventing kurwas from appearing in your life. After identifying a potential kurwa you can tell them: Nie bądź kurwą, Eng. Don’t be an .

This serves as a mix of a plea and a spell. We are yet to see results of longitudinal studies of the effects of its use.

Kurwa as an emotional expression.

On many occasions the word kurwa does not refer to anything specific. It serves as an abstract expletive which can express a variety of strong, but not always negative, emotions. In this case, the most common English translation equivalents will be , bollocks, Jesus Christ.**

It can be used to indicate:

Anger. When your philharmonic concert has been postponed. E.g., Pl. O żeż kurwa, gdzie ja teraz posłucham Bethovena. Eng. Oh where am I gonna listen to Bethoven now.Impatience/frustration. When a pram is standing sideways blocking a supermarket alley. E.g., Pl. Noż kurwa jak ja tera dojdę do bezglutenowych płatków. Eng. Bollocks, how am I going to get to my gluten free cereal.Surprise. When you feel like you’re gonna cry watching a coffee commercial. E.g., Pl. O kurwa, zaraz się popłaczę. Eng. Damn it, I’m gonna cry.

Note: The examples above also include two emphatic particles to further strengthen the kurwa-force. Those are: noż, o żeż.

Kurwa as a root. Kurwa also serves a base of other forms of speech, including adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. This is however beyond the scope of this, already long, answer.

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hirai momo ♡20:20:19Reply

johnny oppa ◐.̃◐

mark lee ♧ 2 minutes ago Reply

kim jisoo ♤ [A]12:45:11 AMReply
hirai momo ♡ 5 seconds ago Reply
yknow it's about to get lit when lisa grabs her lappy
 

na jaemin ♧19:23:08Reply

lali is adorable uvu

na jaemin ♧19:23:01Reply

okay what's Lisa wants, that's Lisa gets
 

kim jennie ♡18:30:34Reply

hirai momo ♡18:30:32Reply
lali is another type of crazy
 

lee minhyung ᵐᵃʳᵏ ˡᵉᵉ ♧ 43 seconds ago Reply

son hwamin ♡ [A]12:57:58 AMReply
park jimin ♧11:57:51 PMReply
kim jisoo ♤ [A]8:57:42 AMReply
huang renjun ♧11:57:33 PMReply
lisa and johnny best couple of the year